Regulating and security device for reversible engines.



PATENTED SEPT. 18, 1906.

E. KOCH. REGULATING AND SECURITY DEVICE FOR REVERSIBLE ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 28. 1906.

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No. 831,081. PATENTED SEPT. 18! 1906.

E. KOCH.

REGULATING AND SECURITY DEVICE FOR REVERSIBLE ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 28. 1906.

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ERNST KOCH, OF HERNE, GERMANY.

REGULATING AND SECURITY DEVICE FOR REVERSIBLE ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 18, 1906.

Application filed May 28,1906. Serial No. 319,170.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, ERNST Koon, a subject of the German Emperor, and a resident of Horne, Germany, have invented a certain new and useful Regulating and Security Device for Reversible Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in hoisting-engines, and more particularly to a reversible engine provided with controlling mechanism for assuring safe operation thereof.

The invention aims, primarily, to provide a controlling mechanism adapted by its mechanical connections to stop or brake the engine in three different waysfirst, manually; second, when the speed exceeds a predetermined degree, and, third, when the movement of the car to be raised reaches a predetermined limit.

The invention further aims to simplify the construction of the controlling means by eliminating the usual operating-lever, which is very difficult to handle, and by employing in lieu thereof a suitably-controlled brakecylinder.

The detailed construction will appear in the course of the following description, in which reference is had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, like characters designating like parts throughout the several views, wherein- Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of an engine constructed in accordance with my invention and showing the relation of the constituent parts. Fig. 2 is a crosssection of the Working cylinder of the auxiliary engine. Fig. 8 is a cross-section of the intermediary member of the auxiliary engine. Fig. 1 is a cross-section on the line A B of Fig. 1, showing the arrangement of the indicating mechanism; and Fig. 5 is a detailed perspective view of the operative connections between the indicating mechanism and the auxiliary engine.

The present invention comprises, essentially, the auxiliary engine, embodying the working cylinder a and the brake-cylinder b, the indicating mechanism for registering the position of the car in the shaft, and the governor 1', both said indicator and said governor being driven from the gear 2 by the hoisting-engine. In connection with the abovementioned elements a system of levers or mechanical devices is employed. This system of levers controls the distribution slide-valves of the auxiliary engine, and to this end has connection with the three different operating means previously mentioned to wit, the manual means and the independently and automatically actuating means, the indicator, and the governor. The general arrangement of levers and members connected thereto can be clearly seen from Fig. 1.

The governor 1" is of the centrifugal type and has hinged connection with a lever 1, mounted upon a fulcrum 23, upon which said lever is swung when the governor is actuated by the speed of the a paratus in the wellknown manner. The ever 1 also has connection in a manner to be described with the levers actuated by the indicator mechanism and which perform the same function under different circumstances, as the governor. The levers'controlled by the indicator mechanism actuate the lever 1 by depressing or drawing down the fulcrum 23, together with said lever, against the action of a spring, as clearly shown in Fig. 1.

The auxiliary engine in the preferred form of the invention is driven by compressed air or steam and embodies, besides the cylinders a and b, a substantially rectangular open intermediary member 0, having connection with the adjacent ends of the piston-rods of said cylinders. The brake-cylinder is filled with water and oil and is provided with a distribution-valve which is actuated at the same time as that of the working cylinder, so as to prevent any expansion of the steam or air in said working cylinder a. The slide-valves (Z and e of the respective cylinders a and b have inner admission in the well-known manner and are connected by a rod Operative connection is had between the rod f and the member 0 by a lever 13, fulcrumed at 14 upon the member 0 and at 15 upon the rod The connection 15 is a compensating fulcrum of conventional form, so as to permit of the swinging movement of the lever 13 and also serves as the pivot for a link 12, which has pivotal connection with the upper end of a two-armed lever 11. The lever 11 is pivoted at a central point, as at 10, upon the actuating-lever 16, which operates the various parts in the manual actuation of the apparatus. The lever 16 is pivotally mounted upon a stationary support, as at 9, and is inoperative when it occupies a substantially perpendicular position. As shown in Fig. 1, the lever 16 is thrown to the left for the forward movement of the engine, as will be hereinafter described.

The distribution slide-valves cl and e of the auxiliary engine are automatically operated through connections with the lever 11. To this end I provide a controlling member 3, embodying a substantial open and rectangular frame. The member 3 is stationarily pivoted, as at 4, and has operative connectionwith said lever 11 by a rod 5, pivoted at one end to the lowerend of said lever and at its other end to a block 3, slidably mounted in the member 3. The member 3 carries a rigidly-secured lever 2 and is rotated upon its fulcrum by mechanical elements connected with the lever 2 and constructed and actuated in a manner to be described.

WVithout at the present time going into the operation of the automatic device I will explain the manner in which the auxiliary engine is manually operated by the lever 16. In the forward run of the hoisting-engine the lever 16 is moved toward the left upon its fulcrum 9, as shown in Fig. 1. In this movement of the lever 16 the two-armed lever 11 is moved therewith in the same direction. This corresponding movement of the lever 1 1 is due to the fact that the lower end of said lever in the inoperative relation of the arts coincides with the fulcrum-point 9 of t e lever 16 and that the lower end of the lever 11, which, as above intimated, has pivotal connection with the rod 5, is kept immovable on account of the non-operation of the governor r and its appurtenant connections with the rod'5 during the manual operation of the apparatus. Hence the upper end of the lever 11 moves from its central position toward the left side and the balanced slide-valves of both cylinders have similar movement by the intermediary of the rod 12 and the lever 13, which in its initial movement swings upon the pivot 14. The slide-valves d and 6 being of the inner admission type both pistons are pushed toward the right hand. Owing to the rigid connection between the two pistonrods, the intermediary member 0 moves the lever 13 a sufficient distance for it to rock upon the fulcrum 15. This action of the operating-pistons through the valve mechanism brings the valve-rods back to their normal central position to shut out the passage of fluid within the cylinders. The two-armed lever 17 is a transmission-lever and is connected by a pivot 18 with the piston-rods above referred to. Said lever 17 transmits the motion of the piston-rods from its lower end by a valve mechanism (not shown) to the distribution-valve gear of the hoisting-engine in accordance with the movement of the istons for the forward or the backward run of said engine.

The opposite motion (backward run) of the hoisting-engine is obtained when the distribution or actuating lever 16 has been moved toward the right hand from its middle position. Owing to this motion of the actuating-lever 16, the slide-valves (Z and e are moved in a similar manner to that described, but in an opposite direction, and the inverse operation of the parts takes place, as will be readily apparent. With relation to the automatic operation of the auxiliary engine by the governor r it should be here stated that the auxiliary engine is operated in the same manner as above described through. the independent movement of the lever 11. Such movement of said lever is effected when the member 3 is swung upon its fulcrum 4 in either direction. To this end the lever 1, connected with the governor r, as above described, has pivotal connection with a rod 2, which in turnis pivoted at its lower end to a lever 2 carried by the member 3. In this mode of operation the rod 5 is set, as it were, in operative relation upon the movement of the lever 16 in either direction in the manual operation of the device. To this end the lever 16 has pivotal connection at its lower end with a rod 6, connected with a stationarily-fulerumed bellcrank 7, which is pivoted to a rod 8, interposed as a connecting element between said bell-crank and the rod 5. The elements aetuated by the governor and depth-indicator have a determined direction and amplitude of movement, and such movement is transmitted to the distribution slide-valves ofthe hoisting-engine in accordance with the am plitude of the pivotal motion of the actuatinglever with a view of exactly controlling and insuring the complete security of the hoistingengine. In the inoperative relation of the parts the slide-block 3 coincides with the fulcrum 4 of the member 3 and has movement in said member to set the rod 5 in accordance with the movement of the lever 16.

It will be readily apparent from Fig. 1 that when the lever 16 is moved to the left, as shown, the slide-block 3 and the rod 5 will be raised through the mechanical. connec tions 6, 7, and S and that when the lever 16 is moved toward the right the slide-block 3 and the rod 5 will be lowered in a similarmanner. In the forward motion of the hoistingengine, assuming that the governor 7" comes into operation, the free end of the lever 1 will be raised and through the medium of the rod 2 the member 3 will be rotated to the right. Consequently the lever 11 through the medium of the rod 5 will be rotated to the left and the auxiliary engine will be actuated in the manner described. When the rod 5 is in its lowermost position upon the backward movement of the hoisting-engine, the inverse operation takes place, as will be readily understood.

Movement of the lever 16 not only actuates the auxiliary engine and sets the member 3 and rod 5 for the action of the automaticallyoperating means, but at the same time rocks the elements actuated by the indicating mechanism in accordance with the forward or backward run of the engine. It should be here stated that the lever 1 is designed to transmit the motion of both the governing mechanism and the indicator-actuated elements. The indicator is of conventional form and, as shown, is designed to actuate the appurtenant elements of the safety mechanism in accordance with the movement of two cars designed to travel simultaneously in opposite directions, when such movement in a selected direction exceeds-a predetermined limit of travel. Accordingly the indicating mechanism embodies, in connection with its operating elements, traveling nuts 19, which indicate the position of the cars and have movement in parallel directions. The nuts 19 are designed to individually engage the respective levers 20, as shown in Figs. 1 and 5. The levers 20 have connection at their outer ends with rods 21, which at their lower ends have loose connection with a transverse rod 21*. A lever 22, pivoted at a central point to a stationary object, has loose connection at one end with the rod 21 between the rods 21 and at its other end has pivotal connection with the fulcrum 23 of the lever 1. The levers 20 are pivoted at a central point upon crank-pins 32 and 35, provided upon adjacent ends of rock-shafts 31 and 34, mounted in bearings 36. The crank-pins 32 and 35 extend in opposite directions with relation to one another, and the shafts 31 and 34 are designed to be rocked simultaneously in opposite directions. To this end said shafts are provided on their outer ends with oppositelyextending levers 30 and 33, respectively, which have connection by means of rods 29 with levers 28, carried by a transverse rockshaft 27. The shaft 27 also carries a lever 26 which has connection with a rod 25, and the rod 25 serves to operatively connect said shaft with the lever 16.

Upon reference to Fig. 1 it will be readily understood that when the lever 16 is thrown in either direction, the rod 25 will be moved accordingly and will rock the shaft 27. Then the shaft 27 is rocked, corresponding movement is imparted to the shafts 31 and 34 simultaneously in opposite directions, owing to the fact that the movement of the shaft 27 is transmitted to the shaft 31 on one side thereof by communication with the lever 30 and to the shaft 34 on the opposite side by communication with the lever 33. When the shafts 31 and 34 are thus rocked, the levers 20 will be shifted, and the foremost of said levers will be thrown into operative position, so as to be engaged by the proper nut 19 in accordance with the forward or backward run of the hoisting-engine.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 5, the lever 20 upon the left of said figures has been thrown into operative position, and the lever 20 upon the right has been thrown in an opposite direction and into an inoperative position. When for any reason the movement of the car in a selected direction exceeds a predetermined limit of travel, the nut 19, which indicates such movement, will engage the proper lever 20, which is necessarily set in the manner described when the lever 16 is moved. \Vhen the lever 20 is thus engaged, it rocks upon its fulcrum and raises the rod 21. This action, through the medium of the lever 22, depresses the fulcrum 23 of the lever 1, and the auxiliary engine is actuated in the manner above described through the rod 2, member 3, rd 5 and lever 11, and the elements connected therewith.

Having claim- In a device of the class described, the combination with an auxiliary engine embodying an operating-cylinder and a brake-cylinder, interconnected pistons movable therein and interconnected slide-valves for said cylinders, of an actuating element and two-armed lever pivoted thereto and having connection with said pistons and said valves to move the latter, a centrifugal governing mechanism, adjustable mechanical connections between said governing mechanism and transmissionlever, means for adjustably setting said connections, said setting means being connected with and actuated upon movement of said actuating element, indicatoractuated elements, means connectin said indicator-actuating elements with said connection between said governor and said transmission-lever and means operatively connected with and actuated upon movement of said actuating-lever for adj ustably positioning said indicator-actuated elements.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two witnesses.

ERNST KOCH.

fully described my invention, 1

Witnesses WILLIAM EssENwnIN, ALFR. POIILMEYER. 

